Finished procedures
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PhysicsGravitationLabReport/ExperimentalSetup.pdf
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PhysicsGravitationLabReport/ExperimentalSetup.pdf
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\titleformat{\section} % top-level section
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{\Large\bfseries\scshape} % Large font, bold, small caps
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{\LARGE\bfseries\scshape} % Large font, bold, small caps
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{\thesection} % shows 1, 2, 3, ...
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{1em} % spacing between number and title
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{}
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\textbf{Date:} 16 November 2025
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% ---------- MAIN DOCUMENT ----------
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% Acknowledgment
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\section*{Objectives}
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Use the \href{http://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/gravity-force-lab/latest/gravity-force-lab_en.html}{Gravitational force simulation} to determine the dependence of the gravitational force on the mass of the objects involved.\\
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@@ -108,45 +108,80 @@ the relationship of proportionality proposed by Newton, and the collected data w
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universal Gravitational constant, $G$.
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\subsection*{Research Problem}
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The research objective for this project is to verify the gravitational relationship between two objects and verify the
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constant $G$. The primary problem of investigation is that theoretical mathematics often fails to adequately capture
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a true relationship in the real world. Moreover, using physical objects and tools of measurements can result in
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unwanted noisy data and is limited by the precision of measurement. Ergo, a simulation bridges this gap,
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allowing for an accurate verification of NLUG.
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\section*{Methodology}
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\subsection*{Materials and Resources}
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\section*{Materials}
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As this lab was performed within a simulation, all physical materials are limited to a computer with at least 400 MB of memory to render the simulation.
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The following methods and apparatus were used to determine the coefficients of static and kinetic friction:\\
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Within the simulation, the simulated materials include
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\begin{itemize}
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\item 119g Wooden block
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\item Adjustable angle metal inclined plane with protractor
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\item Adjustable Mass, $m_1$
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\item Adjustable Mass, $m_2$
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\item 10 Meter Scale
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\item Automatic Force Scale to Measure Gravitational Attraction
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\item Two simulated people holding $m_1$ and $m_2$ from colliding into each other due to gravitation
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\end{itemize}
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\section*{Procedure}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Set the plane angle to $0^\circ$ and place the block at the far end, roughly 10 cm from the edge.
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\item Slowly raise the plane and stop when the block starts to slide down.
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\item Record the angle value in a data table under \textbf{static friction}.
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\item Repeat steps 1--3 five times, then take the average of the angles. This average angle will be used to calculate static friction.
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\item Repeat step 1.
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\item Slowly raise the plane while tapping the edge to overcome the static friction. Stop when the block starts to slide down the ramp without slowing down.
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\item Record the angle value in a data table under \textbf{kinetic friction}.
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\item Repeat steps 5--7 five times, then take the average of the angles for kinetic friction.
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\end{enumerate}
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\section*{Experimental Setup}
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\subsection*{Experimental Setup}
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\begin{figure}[h!] % h! = “here” placement
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{Sketch} % <-- your image file name
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\caption{Experimental setup for measuring static and kinetic friction using an inclined plane.}
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\includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{ExperimentalSetup} % <-- your image file name
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\caption{Experimental setup for the gravity simulation}
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\label{fig:friction_setup}
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\end{figure}
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\newpage
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Note that in Figure \ref{fig:friction_setup}, all inputs (independent variables) are denoted in blue, whereas outputs (dependent variables) are denoted in red
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\subsection*{Procedure}
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item Set the location of mass 1 to exactly 2 meters on the scale, and set mass 2 to exactly 6 meters on the scale, with a distance between of 4 meters
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\item Set the mass of objects 1 and 2 to exactly 100 kg
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\item Set the force values to scientific notation, and uncheck the option for masses of constant size
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\item Leaving the mass of $m_2$ constant, change the mass of $m_1$ to be the values listed below, and record both the force on $m_1$ by $m_2$ and the force on $m_2$ by $m_1$
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\subitem Mass values for $m_1$ (kg): 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000
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\item Reset the simulation as detailed by steps 1-3
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\item Leaving the mass of $m_1$ constant, change the mass of $m_2$ to be the values listed below, and record both the force on $m_1$ by $m_2$ and the force on $m_2$ by $m_1$
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\subitem Mass values for $m_2$ (kg): 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000
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\item Reset the simulation as detailed by steps 1-3
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\item Change the masses of both $m_1$ and $m_2$ to be the values listed below, and record both the force on $m_1$ by $m_2$ and the force on $m_2$ by $m_1$
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\subitem Mass values for $m_1$ and $m_2$ (kg): 50, 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000
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\item Reset the simulation as detailed by steps 1-3
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\item Leave $m_2$ at 10 meters on the scale (align the black dot for center of mass), and move $m_1$ based on its center to the below values on the scale, and record both the force on $m_1$ by $m_2$ and the force on $m_2$ by $m_1$
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\subitem Position values for $m_1$ (m): 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
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\item Reset the simulation as detailed by steps 1-3
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\item Leave $m_1$ at 0 meters on the scale (align the black dot for center of mass), and move $m_2$ based on its center to the below values on the scale, and record both the force on $m_1$ by $m_2$ and the force on $m_2$ by $m_1$
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\subitem Position values for $m_1$ (m): 10, 8, 6, 4, 2
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\end{enumerate}
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Note that the above steps require the following raw data the be collected at each datapoint
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Position of the center of mass of $m_1$, (m)
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\item Position of the center of mass of $m_2$, (m)
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\item Mass of $m_1$, (kg)
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\item Mass of $m_2$, (kg)
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\item Force on $m_1$ by $m_2$, (N)
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\item Force on $m_2$ by $m_1$, (N)
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\end{itemize}
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\section*{Results}
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\subsection*{Raw Data}
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\begin{table}[h!]
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\centering
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\caption{Measured critical angles for static and kinetic friction.}
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