19 lines
788 B
Plaintext
19 lines
788 B
Plaintext
== UNIT 7: OSCILLATIONS ==
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Simple harmonic motion (SHM): restoring force F = -k*x
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Equilibrium position: net force = 0
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Amplitude: maximum displacement from equilibrium
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Period: time for one complete cycle
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Frequency: f = 1/T cycles per second
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Angular frequency: ω = 2πf
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Spring oscillator period: T_s = 2π*sqrt(m/k)
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Pendulum period: T_p = 2π*sqrt(L/g)
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Simple pendulum: small angles only (<15°)
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Period independent of mass (spring) or amplitude (small angles)
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Energy in SHM: E = 0.5*k*A^2 = 0.5*m*v_max^2
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PE_max = KE_max at equilibrium
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At extremes: v = 0, a = max, PE = max, KE = 0
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At center: a = 0, v = max, PE = min, KE = max
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Damped oscillation: energy loss to friction
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Forced oscillation: driving frequency
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Resonance: driving freq = natural freq
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Period vs frequency inverse relationship |